Accumulating evidence supports the role of epigenetic modifications, and in particular DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.
2.2 carries through without essential modifications and in particular the characterization of resonant states (2.24) applies.
These include pH, temperature, ionic-strength, DNA bendability, histone modifications and, in particular, binding of structural non-histone proteins (i.e., HP1, Polycomb), which often depends on specific post-translational modifications of the histones N-terminal tails [13].
However, different covalent modifications and, in particular, polyubiquitylation may occur in lysine residues either competing with each other for the same site or independently regulated by events that depend on the target of interest.
These findings, coupled with the work presented here shed new light on how SIRT1 can be modified in cells by postranslational modifications and in particular how SIRT1 can differentially respond to physiological events, like oxidative stress.
However, the role of chromatin modification, and in particular acetylation, is little researched in the metalloproteinase arena.
Viral infection is a well-known cause of DNA and histone modifications and HIV in particular has well-established effects in T-cells that regulate the expression of both viral and host genes.
Transcriptionally active genes in a normal cell are marked by unmethylated promoter CpG islands, histone hyperacetylation and particular histone modifications, such as H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) di- and tri-methylation and H3K79 methylation.
Nevertheless, these data support the idea that antagonizing matrix modifications, and cross-linking in particular, is a promising cancer prevention strategy.
In this minireview, we discuss the possibility that in nonreplicating cells, epigenetic modifications, and more specifically very particular changes in chromatin structure – the gradual replacement of canonical histones H3.1/H3.2 with variant histone H3.3 – could contribute to organismal aging by inducing aberrations in gene regulation and other functions in BHL cells.
