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Collectively, these modifications, and nucleosome location define the chromatin state of a cell.
Course material integrates current literature with a foundational review of histone modifications and nucleosome composition in epigenetic inheritance, transcription, replication, cell division and DNA damage responses.
Ovarian cancer (OC) is characterized by complex epigenetic alterations, including aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, and nucleosome positioning.
To gain molecular insight to this restricted expression, we compared histone modifications and nucleosome occupancy in this intron between expression permissive and restrictive cell lines.
Although studies in this area remain at their infancy, it becomes clear that large-scale epigenetic reprograming, involving RNA-directed DNA methylation, chromatin modifications, and nucleosome remodeling, contributes to the establishment of transcriptionally repressive or permissive epigenetic landscapes.
At each stage, transcription factors interact not only with an existing landscape of histone modifications and nucleosome packing, but also with other bound factors, while they modify the landscape for later-arriving factors in ways that fundamentally affect the control of gene expression.
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Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-Seq) serves as a highly efficient NGS method for genome-wide profiling of DNA-binding proteins, histone modifications, and nucleosomes, with high resolution and great coverage of the genome.
For example, chromatin manipulation, such as histone post-translational modification and nucleosome positioning, play critical roles in genome stability pathways.
Gene expression is hence determined by interactions between DNA methylation, histone modification, and nucleosome positioning influencing chromatin structure.
These GO categories include: Transcription, DNA damage and repair, DNA replication, Cell cycle, RNA processing and splicing, Chromatin modification and nucleosome assembly, Translation, Transport, Apoptosis and Protein ubiquitination.
(5) These mutations result in the impairment of DNA methylation, histone modification and nucleosome positioning, and are associated with aberrant gene expression.
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