The biologic activity and biokinetics are dependent on many parameters: size, shape, chemistry, crystallinity, surface properties (area, porosity, charge, surface modifications, weathering of coating), agglomeration state, biopersistence, and dose.
But weather modification historically has been the favoured course.
According to the China Academy of Meteorological Sciences, more than 37,000 people are employed in weather modification nationwide.
They are using 'cloud seeding' — a weather modification technology often resorted to during drought.
It was New York's first, and last, foray into rain-making, now known more generally among meteorologists as "weather modification".
The UAE poses its own particular challenges, said Roelof Bruintjes, a weather modification expert at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research in Colorado.
When Kurt arrived, Bernard was working on one of GE's most high-profile projects: weather modification.
But there has been research into other types of weather modification as well: preventing hail, dissipating fog and disrupting hurricanes and tornadoes, for example.
However, those numbers could not be independently verified and are much higher than those recorded by scientists engaged in weather modification operations elsewhere.
The UAE this month launched an international research prize for weather modification, awarding a first tranche of $5m to researchers from Germany, Japan and the UAE.
