Nevertheless, we found multiple genes that are or may be involved in terpene biosynthesis, such as isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase on a cluster with three putative functional TPS-b loci, five TPS-b pseudogenes and five methyltransferases that may be involved in further modifications of terpene structures.
Among these clans, CYP72 clan are involved in the catabolism of isoprenoid hormones; CYP71 clan modify the shikimate products and intermediates; CYP85 clan participate in the modification of cyclic terpenes and sterols in the brassinosteroid pathway[ 64].
Terpene diversity is caused by the large number of different terpene synthases used in the first step of terpene synthesis, and some terpene synthases produce multiple products [ 29].
CYP85 clan is devoted to the modification of sterols and cyclic terpenes in the brassinosteroid, abscisic acid, and GA pathways[ 79].
Silphium plants contain terpenes and have a turpentinelike smell, but the mixtures of terpenes differ between species.
We review here the status of terpenes as a specialty biofuel and discuss the potential of plants as a viable agronomic solution for future terpene-derived biofuels.
The structural diversity and complexity of terpenes generates an enormous potential for mediating plant environment interactions.
With the great use of the terpene, understanding the genes that related to the biosynthesis of terpenes is now under study.
Terpene synthases (TPSs), the key enzymes that generate structure diversity of terpene are usually followed by cytochromes P450 (CYPs), which further modify the products from TPSs and cause much more diverse molecules of terpenes.
A stronger smell means a higher concentration of terpenes.
