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The implantation-induced modification of surface roughness is studied employing an atomic force microscopy (AFM).
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Some deterioration of surface roughness was observed.
The effect of surface roughness on the hysteresis may depend not only on the roughness heights but also the roughness topology [ 5].
This is not so obvious for the surface optical profilometer images, but calculation of surface roughness parameters reveals that higher concentration of cations produced gels with a higher quadratic mean of the surface roughness and maximum roughness height (Table 3).
The dislocation and reduction maneuvers may roughen the head leading to inaccurate measurements of surface roughness.
Ronold, Lyngstadaas and Ellingsen studied the effect of surface roughness on tensile strength.
The Haversian canals were distinguished from artefacts because of surface roughness, transcortical foramens, or erosions.
Furthermore, modification of the surface roughness of the metallic film will also change the sensitivity of SPR sensor[9, 21, 22].
But the modification of the surface roughness by machining is very costly and not always possible, especially for parts with complex design.
This modification of the surface roughness is thought to improve osseointegration [ 1].
The results indicate that, although the modification of surface worsened its roughness and μ value, the coating reduced wear (Δ m) up to 103 times.
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