The easiness for operation, thickness control of magnetic films, and electric field modification of coercive force in an electrolyte condition show great advantages for further applications in spintronics.
Consequently, the modification of interlayer forces resulted in the instability of intralayer interactions, and the two-dimensional nanosheets eventually transformed to 1D nanostructures.
Moreover, several studies have revealed that modification of biomechanical forces in in vitro culture systems are able to induce specific developmental programs in mesenchymal stem cells [29] [30].
Nevertheless, gravity would travel through these extra dimensions just fine, leading to modifications of the force law on the scale at which the extra dimensions become important.
The 20 best conformers with the smallest target function were energy-minimized in vacuo using a modification of the AMBER force field implemented in OPAL78 (part of CYANA software, L.A Systems).
For more realistic DEM simulations, a modification of the gas solid force calculation is required, for instance by adding fluctuations or including the effect of the granular temperature.
It is shown that with the proposed modification of the drag force correlation, the experimentally measured bed expansion characteristics of industrial-scale bubbling fluidized beds can be reasonably predicted at acceptable computational cost.
For the CG simulations, we used a local modification of the MARTINI force field, which was originally developed for semiquantitative lipid simulations (24) and subsequently extended to protein simulations (23,39), in a similar spirit to other recent MARTINI developments (25 28).
This modification of the internal forces of the trunk extended over time could justify the biomechanical changes (rebalancing of forces and changes in the curves) of the spine [ 10– 10].
A discrete element model (DEM) was also developed to predict the interaction outcomes with suitable modification of the governing forces.
