At the same time, the precise definition of energy needs, when the gold standard of indirect calorimetry is not available, still relies on estimations obtained from predictive formulas or on calculations using a fixed amount of calories per kilogram of body weight [ 4], with the latter being not always measured, and often heavily affected by rapid modifications of fluid balance.
The fictitious pressure method involves modification of the fluid solver whereas the fictitious mass and damping methods modify the structure solver.
The distribution of 90Y radioembolization within the tumor can only be partially controlled by the treating physician, i.e., by careful microcatheter placement and through modification of downstream fluid dynamics.
Insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) were assayed by a modification of the fluid phase radiobinding assay as described previously (10, 11).
In dialysis patients the reduction of SCD risk was achieved through the introduction of bicarbonate dialysis, modification of dialysis fluid composition (potassium and calcium concentration) depending on the clinical situation, rapid restoration of water-electrolyte and acid base balance as well as monitoring of heart rhythm [ 64].
Many researchers realized that the formation and evolution of high-porosity and high-permeability carbonate reservoirs are related to the epidiagenesis, dissolution of organic acids, dolomitization, abnormally high pressure, modification of thermal fluids, and hydrocarbon charging (Surdam et al. 1989; Davies and Smith 2006; Fan 2005; Li et al. 2006; Zhu et al. 2006).
In a prospective case series study (unpublished data) conducted with SD-OCT (RTVue, Optovue, Inc., CA), we evaluated the modification of the fluid-filled cavity area, bleb-wall thickness, and scleral opening before and after bulbar digital massage (60 seconds of duration).
Since most of the cooling methods used involve forced circulation of the coolant, modification of properties of fluids which can result in an increased pumping power requirement could be critical.
The American Urological Association (AUA) recommends a three-line therapy for OAB. 3 The first-line therapy is behavioural therapy, such as delayed voiding bladder training, pelvic floor muscle training, lifestyle modifications and management of fluid intake.
