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The model can be expressed in the form of general incremental relationships, can therefore be applied without modification directly to any loading history, and can be readily implemented within a time-stepping numerical code.
The modification directly affects the membrane water transport between the anode and the cathode (two electrodes) of the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell in the presence of liquid water inside the stack.
Since tooth addendum modification directly determines the tooth thickness at the pitch circle, it significantly influences gear back-side tooth impact as it can alter the phase shift of the back-side mesh stiffness with regard to the drive-side mesh stiffness.
We have exploited two protocols for surface grafting, either by diazonium salts or by nucleophilic exchange, to perform graphene covalent modification directly on a copper substrate, which is routinely used for the synthesis of the material, and investigated the difference in reactivity compared with other substrates.
Since RSV treatment of the AR cells affected neither AR nuclear translocation nor the AR DNA binding, we proposed that RSV affects AR transcriptional activity by either affecting AR modification directly or altering the recruitment of AR cofactors indirectly.
First, AGE modification directly alters the function and structure of extracellular matrix proteins [ 10].
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The N-terminal tails of these proteins contain sited for post-translational modifications directly linked to gene expression.
"We don't know yet which signals indicate which modifications," he says, "but once we have a model for what the signals mean, we'll be able to read RNA sequence and modifications directly".
The unique, tunable, and versatile physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, such as the size, shape, and surface modifications, directly influence the nano-bio interaction, including cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and toxic response [3].
In addition to cis-acting regulation, epigenetic modifications directly participate to the endothelial-specific regulation of gene expression; eNOS is highly methylated in non-endothelial cells and is enriched in acetylated H3 and H4 histones in the regions surrounding the promoter and the transcription start site in endothelial cells [15], [16].
These modifications directly modify protein expression.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com