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Several steps, such as redox reaction sulfidation, phosphorylation and molecular modification, are involved in biotransformation [50].
It is known that epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation and covalent histone modification, are involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression of human cancers [ 5, 6].
It is a heterogeneous disease, and both genetic and epigenetic events, such as genetic variations, DNA methylation, and histone modification, are involved in the initiation or development of CRC [ 1, 2].
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Faucher, D. & Wellinger, R. J. Methylated H3K4, a transcription-associated histone modification, is involved in the DNA damage response pathway.
This post-translational modification is involved in all signaling pathways and every cellular activity in living organisms.
The m6A modification is involved in a multitude of physiological and pathophysiological processes, including sex determination (Lence et al. 2016), cell differentiation (Yoon et al. 2017), DNA damage response (Xiang et al. 2017), viral infection (Gokhale et al. 2016) and innate immunity (Zheng et al. 2017).
Increasing evidence shows that SUMO1 modification is involved in regulation of HIF signaling pathway during hypoxia [8], [23], we wanted to determine whether VHL undergoes SUMO1 posttranslational modification.
It could be that for some cell lines, the methylation is not evenly distributed through the CGI (like HepG2 in Fig. 3) and is thus missed by MSP analysis, or additional alternative mechanism such as histone modification is involved.
Considering that DNA and histone modification is involved in both gene silencing and the expression of the fragile sites, we speculate that 45S rDNA fragility may be indicative of inactive 45S rRNA genes due to DNA and histone modifications, and of unique chromatin structures.
Histone modification is involved in transcriptional regulation of many genes under salt stress [ 26, 27].
Further studies will be needed to fully characterize the way in which histone modification is involved in silencing RASSF2A.
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