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Before and after surface modification, contact angle was measured.
The modification under angles close to surface normal leads to surface structure in the form of a disrupted structure.
In order to study the reversible nature of plasma surface modification, contact angles were measured for various storage time starting from the time just after the treatment to 2 days.
Immediately after the modification, the contact angle of a water drop was measured with a contact angle meter.
Table 4 Advancing (ACA) and receding contact angles (RCA) of water, apparent surface free energy and the specific surface area (SSA) No. Scheme of modification Advancing contact angle θ a (deg).
The modification eases the angle between the head and the torso, from 90 degrees to perhaps 110 degrees.
After modification the contact angle changes from 86° ± 1 to 90° ± 1, suggesting a more hydrophylic surface.
It was found that the longitudinal incident angle modification did not diversify the collectors' performances significantly while the transversal one revealed that the circular absorber configuration appears greater optical performance compared to the flat one.
Depending on the kinematics, various periodic vortex shedding characteristics of the plunging plate are observed that lead to modification of the angle of attack as a result of wing-wake interaction and downward jet.
To determine the immediate effects of a toe-out foot progression angle modification during gait on the major lower limb muscle activation characteristics and to establish whether asymptomatic individuals and those with moderate knee OA have similar responses.
The inlet blade angle modification of a radial impeller has been reported by Sanda and Daniela (2012), and Luo et al. (2008).
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