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Direct electrical surface-tension manipulation has been previously used to actuate liquid metal, but with modest deformation [10].
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Electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) can create modest deformations in liquid metal by applying electrostatic fringing fields around the edges of the droplet, but at the cost of high actuation voltages [5].
Modest concentrations of glucose syrup (< 40%) promote conventional disorder-to-order transitions of its hydrogels and reinforce the final network strength, as seen by small deformation dynamic oscillation.
As shown in Fig. 5c, after 500 compression cycles at strain of 60%, graphene/PANI-2 aerogel develops a modest plastic deformation (residue strain of 5%).
Modest (4% strain) pre-deformation of Ti3SiC2 at elevated temperatures results in roughly an order of magnitude increase in Q−1 as compared to as-sintered samples, which led us to the conclusion that the damping is due to the interaction of dislocation segments with the ultrasound waves.
It is also recognized that the modest reproducibility of X-ray deformations is one of the keystones for the lack of reproducibility in the treatment of distal radial fractures [ 3– 5].
The modest local orientation and overall chain deformation however indicate that intramolecular hindrances to extension exist.
However, the analysis put forth here provides a worst case scenario to identify the limit of mechanical deformation, which shows that even at modest stresses extremely large deformation can be accommodated without causing any harm to the network integrity.
Notably, hot extruded and cross-rolled plate subjected to plane strain deformation to ~50% engineering strain creates only a modest population of low angle grain boundaries, compared to the much larger population observed following the combination of plane strain and shear deformation of ~44% engineering strain resulting from subsequent hydrostatic extrusion.
Call it a professional deformation.
They strongly resist deformation.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com