The best-documented fossil sequences show a variety of modes of evolution.
However, a number of factors appear to have caused major differences in the internal architecture and modes of evolution of fluvial and deep-water channels.
A range of values of K, the epistatic interaction of the landscape, are considered, and high- and low-throughput modes of evolution are compared.
This is expressed, for instance, by Stapp's notion of a "hybrid ontology" with "both idea-like and matter-like qualities" and "two complementary modes of evolution" (Stapp 1999, 159).
Our results suggest that all three modes of evolution were involved in polyploid hybrid clones.
This hypothesis was contrasted by means of likelihood ratio tests against three potential alternative modes of evolution.
In summary, our analyses reveal three different modes of evolution for the proteins involved in selenoprotein biosynthesis in the willistoni branch.
I therefore suggest that carotenoid biosynthetic pathway evolution might more representatively be envisioned as a "bramble", where interior nodes branching from the root are highly reticulated due to non-vertical modes of evolution.
While not well resolved in this present study due to the lack of reference data and genomic sequences at an appropriate depth, terminal biosynthetic enzymes may be especially prone to non-vertical modes of evolution ([28]; consider also cyanobacterial monocyclic xanthophyll biosynthesis), presumably resulting from the minor adaptive significance of these changes.
The RGA08 genes show all typical modes of evolution of R gene clusters.
By comparing binding site conservation of different transcription factors, we find diverse modes of evolution.
