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This is implemented by the following function: where N is the number of new candidate modes, and P is a given selection probability.
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P a (mode X), P b (mode X), and P c (mode X) are the probabilities of mode X given all MBs with mode X in inter frames under different conditions.
PS 1 is the source transmit power in BC mode, P R is the relay transmit power in MAC mode and P is the total system transmit power.
where P O is the probability of a sample of being transmitted in outphasing mode and P B of the balanced mode.
where (mathcal {S}) is the state space containing all operation modes, S i is the ith operation mode, and p i is the probability that the system operates in the ith mode.
where p i d (d = 1,2, …, 9) denotes the actual first digit probability distribution of JPEG coefficients for the i th AC mode, and p ^ i d denotes theoretical probability distribution calculated by generalized Benford's law.
The coefficient of flux efficiency is calculated from the matrix of EFMs of N elementary modes (rows) and P reactions (columns).
We found no significant difference in pair-wise distances calculated from mode or centroid values between the pairs of animals that transferred lice and those that did not (p = 0.28 for mode distances and p = 0.64 for centroid distances), indicating that the probability of animals transferring lice across long distances and short distances is comparable.
It is clear that the behaviors of the (X bp − X p ) with (X bp − O p ) modes and (O bp − O p ) with (O bp − X p ) modes approximately have similar behavior.
The phase velocity of (X bp − X p ) with (X bp − O p ) modes and (O bp − O p ) with (O bp − X p ) modes approximately coincides with each other.
The phase velocity and the frequency of (X bp − X p ) with (X bp − O p ) modes and (O bp − O p ) with (O bp − X p ) modes are coinciding with each other and for first case increase with beam density, but for latter decrease.
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