Modernization, innovations in health care, increased education, and improved communications are some of the important factors linked with age composition changes among the childbearing population [ 16].
Official talk of modernization and innovation rankles Vladimir, who supplements his income with work for Russian Souvenirs.
Mr. Surkov, 47, will now oversee modernization and innovation as a deputy prime minister, but will take no role in domestic politics.
This paper examines the impact of investments in modernization and innovation on productivity in a sample of firms in the global pulp and paper industry.
In the 21st century, a new oil and gas boom helped to improve the situation in the Azerbaijan's science and technology sectors, and the government launched a campaign aimed at modernization and innovation.
Expectations have been raised, and now many Russians, though wary of upsetting social stability, want not just high growth, but also a new modernization driven by innovation and broader entrepreneurialism.
Technological design is one of basic activities in process of preparation of innovation, modernization or reconstruction of production.
Hansen and Birkinshaw (2007, pp. 3) further explain their modernization of the innovation process: The first of the three phases in the chain is to generate ideas; this can happen inside a unit, across units in a company, or outside the firm.
Thus, firms' decisions to undertake investments in modernization and incremental innovations appear to be critical for achieving gains in productivity, compounding to form meaningful differences in performance, productivity and competitive position across firms in the longer run.
For example, you can pay the bill on a temporary jobs package that includes infrastructure projects, school modernization, support for new innovation in manufacturing and worker training through community colleges.
