To protect a traditional society against "modern" rivals, it is necessary to copy and embrace some aspects of modernity: industrialisation, monetisation, secularisation, literacy, social mobility.
As Dumas says: "In this period you get the rise of the modern city and industrialisation, which in turn stimulate a desire to retreat to nature, and to make your own capsule of peace and tranquillity and beauty".
Year 9 history students study "the making of the modern world", which includes industrialisation and rapid change in the ways people lived, worked and thought.
But the fairs of yesteryear were an international showcase for industrialisation, innovative design and advancements in modern living.
A closer parallel is Bengal, the Indian province whose economy was destroyed by the technological strength of northern Britain in what the writer Jeremy Seabrook has called "the first great de-industrialisation of the modern world".
The new global politics is shaping a new agenda for humankind, arguably as important for the left as the industrialisation from which the modern left first sprang in the 19th century.
For many observers of urban history, the modern era of globalisation began with industrialisation, whose effects occurred at a pace and on a scale not previously seen.
A growth-oriented planning system should direct development to Britain's urban areas, where more land lies idle after de-industrialisation than ever in modern times.
But geometric abstraction, with its play on modular units and grids, has proved to have vital relevance to the modern world and its accelerated programme of industrialisation and electrification.
Primary science education in Vietnam is integrated into primary education that emphasises the mission of training students to be future labourers who have the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes to cope with the rapid changes of modern times and to contribute to the industrialisation of the country (Hoan 2002).
