The model presented is concerned specifically with moderately graded tumours in early stage localised prostate cancers, using DNA-ploidy as a prognostic marker.
Modelling has indicated that for moderately graded early localised tumours, prostatectomy looks relatively expensive with few QALY benefits compared to observation and marker selection-based policies.
The aggressiveness of these moderately graded tumours is particularly difficult to predict in the absence of additional reliable prognostic markers.
Poorly (grade 3; n = 10), moderately (grade 2; n = 10) and well (grade 1; n = 9) differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma tissues with clinical characteristics as described in Table 1 [19] were collected from women undergoing hysterectomy.
Of the material, 117 tumors were well (grade 1), 75 moderately (grade 2), and 33 poorly (grade 3) differentiated.
Similarly, BDNF receptor TrkB was expressed in 50% of nondegenerate samples, increasing to 92% expression in moderately (grade 4 to 6) and severely degenerate samples and to 92% in infiltrated samples.
According to the FIGO criteria, EOCs are graded according to degree of tumor differentiation: LMPs (referred to as grade 0, G0) while TOVs are separated in well (grade 1, G1, low grade, LG), moderately (grade 2, G2), and poorly differentiated tumors (grade 3, G3) [ 10, 11].
Other tumour characteristics included tumour grade (grade I – well differentiated; grade II – moderately differentiated; grade III – poorly differentiated and grade IV – undifferentiated), and different histological subtypes of colorectal cancer (colon or rectum).
Tumour histological grade was categorized as: grade 1, well differentiated; grade 2, moderately differentiated; grade 3, poorly differentiated; and grade 4, undifferentiated (Compton et al, 2000).
The grading consists of well-differentiated (grade 1), moderately differentiated (grade 2), and poorly differentiated (grade 3) tumors.
Depending on how closely the cancer cells and tissue resemble normal cells and tissue, tumors were staged using a three-tiered grading system as well differentiated (Grade 1), moderately differentiated (Grade 2), and poorly differentiated (Grade 3).
