Mild to moderate temperature increases (less than +4 °C compared to ambient temperature) were shown to advance grapevine vegetative development and the whole fruit ripening period up to five weeks earlier, i.e. at the time of maximum summer temperatures [ 4, 7, 8].
Nitriding of an austenitic stainless steel (ASS) at moderate temperature (400 °C) increases significantly its hardness without loss of corrosion resistance.
The consequences of moderate climate change (temperature increase over land: 2.9 K) were computed for ECHAM5 climate model projections under the SRES-B1 emission scenario (rising to 550 ppm CO2 in 2100).
Mean growth at extreme temperatures tended to decrease, but mean growth rates across a range of moderate temperatures actually increased over time.
The degradation rate slightly increases with the increase in the experimental time at moderate temperature; however, when the temperature increases, the effect of time is almost insignificant, and temperature becomes the main factor owing to the interaction between the oxidant and temperature.
Figure 2E shows admissions reaching a plateau at moderate temperatures and increasing sharply in hot weather.
Since 1990, growth and mortality rates crept back up, despite moderate climate with no temperature increase.
However, not only heat waves but also increases in moderate temperature contribute to the observed heat-related mortality.
