Effect estimates were of moderate size, ranging from 45 to 72%.
Generally, the studies eligible for inclusion into our systematic review showed that exercise training improved autonomic function within moderate effect sizes ranging from 0.49 [ 24] to 0.70 [ 27].
These studies found moderate effect sizes ranging from 0.55 to 0.63 for impairments in ADHD children and adolescents compared with non-ADHD controls on seven different verbal working memory tasks: Digits Backward, Sentence Span, Color/Digit Span, Children's Memory Scale Numbers Backward, Counting Span, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task, and Self-Ordered Pointing Task (SOPT -Objects.
Moderate effect sizes ranged from d = 0.47-0.65.
Our results revealed that the training was able to improve all fall risk factors examined with moderate to large effect sizes ranging between 0.55 and 1.26.
Glucosamine sulphate (GS) has been shown to be an effective symptom-modifying agent, with effect sizes ranging from moderate to high [ 3, 4].
There were also significant differences between the groups for all the domains, with effect sizes ranging from moderate for functional (ES = 0.58), emotional (ES = 0.50) and social (ES = 0.54) domains to large for the oral symptom subscale (ES = 0.87).
The adolescents in our study reported relatively high levels of well-being at study entry (18), yet we achieved clinically relevant improvements with effect sizes ranging between 0.36 (moderate) and 0.57 (large).
We used the assumption that all of the chromium present in drinking water is in hexavalent form [ 50], and data quality is judged to be moderate based on both the sample sizes ranging from approximately 259 to 329 for the year 2006 in DWSP [ 28], and the comprehensive review of data provided in the guideline document.
The mitogenomes of eight completely sequenced pentatomoid species display moderate size variation, ranging from 15,647 bp in Megacopta cribraria to 16,889 bp in Nezara viridula (Table 1) with most of the size variation being attributed to the variety of non-coding regions, primarily due to length mutations in the A + T-rich regions (Additional file 2).
