The Clement paper is a systematic review of 144 studies since 1980 that have looked at whether there is any association between various types of stigma and help-seeking, and found a small to moderate negative effect.
The strong negative effect of parental leave for men stands out in comparison with the moderate negative effect for women.
Musk also notes to investors in his company that this will have a (moderate) negative effect on its earnings in the short-term, but says the move is designed to benefit the company long-term, owing to how it reflects Tesla putting its customers first.
For both adhesive types, the introduction of the gap had a moderate negative effect on the load carrying characteristics of the joint, but joints utilizing the epoxy putty maintained joint strength as the gap size was increased to 9.53 mm (38% gap), while the highly deformable acrylic tape case displayed a constant decline and maintaining constant ultimate shear stress values.
0, no effect; - Slight negative effect; -- moderate negative effect; strong negative effect.
A seven point scale was used that ranged from a substantial negative effect, a moderate negative effect, to a mild negative effect to no effect to a mild positive effect, a moderate positive effect, to a substantial positive effect.
According to our results, moderate climate warming predicted for the next few decades could benefit nectar secretion in T. divaricatum as long as the plants are not water stressed, but have a moderate negative effect on B. acetabulosa.
Hepatocytes appeared to be protected even more effectively in experiments with heat-inactivated rHu-EPO than in experiments with the intact hormone, suggesting a moderate negative effect of the latter.
The results did show a significant and moderate negative effect of multiple risks on cognitive functioning and motor functioning over time: very preterm children with more risk factors at birth had lower cognitive and motor scores over time.
Another 5% of the isoforms display a moderate negative effect upon deletion of a random component, and 10% of the isoforms seem to be dispensable in all five growth conditions.
