Worldwide sales total almost $50 billion annually, even though existing medicines have moderate efficacy and have side effects that range from reduced libido to diabetes.
Relatively long production times, limited vaccine capacity, moderate efficacy in certain populations and lack of cross-reactivity are important issues that need to be addressed.
Diamines appear to be the most efficient, even without catalyst at quite low temperature, whereas adipic acid eventually at 200 °C reacts with moderate efficacy.
We conclude that a vaccine of moderate efficacy and duration could have a substantive impact on gonococcal prevalence, and disease sequelae, if coverage is high and protection lasts over the highest risk period (i.e., most sexual partner change) among young people.
The use of a placebo in clinical trials as a comparator with drugs that have moderate efficacy at most makes it difficult to obtain positive results, and much effort is needed to design very high quality clinical trials that may overcome the limitations of using a placebo.
Amines and alkanolamines exhibit a moderate efficacy as corrosion inhibitors (Ormellese et al. 2009).
An early article was the first to demonstrate persuasively that alcohol taxes have a direct effect on the death rate of heavy drinkers, and subsequent research demonstrated the moderate efficacy of minimum-purchase-age laws in preventing fatal crashes.
The moderate efficacy of surgical approaches led certain investigators to the theory that kissing spine syndrome is not an actual disease but rather a part of degenerative spinal changes, mainly spondylosis with osteophyte formation [10, 13].
The news last week that an HIV vaccine candidate showed moderate efficacy in a clinical trial in Thailand represents an important step forward in prevention research.
I want to shake them and scream, "This is not the same thing!" Opioids for chronic pain often have only moderate efficacy and carry significant risks; buprenorphine saves lives and helps decrease risk of HIV infection.
Currently available treatments are only of moderate efficacy, and not all treatments work for all individuals.
