Enrichment factor revealed significant enrichment (EF > 5) of Zn, Cd, and Pb, whereas geoaccumulation index and contamination factor exhibited moderate to high contamination for Zn, Cr, Cd, and Pb.
The contamination factor (CF) showed moderately to considerably polluted levels of As in both wetland soils.
Contamination factor (CF) referred that CF < 1 refers to low contamination, 1 ≥ CF < 3 means <span class="lh">moderate contamination, 3 ≥ CF ≥ 6 indicates considerable contamination, and CF > 6 indicates very high contamination (Harikumar and Jisha 2010).
The application of the enrichment factor, index of geoaccumulation, and contamination factor enabled us to find elevated contents of some toxic metals, which indicated from moderate to high contamination in the soil samples during summer and winter seasons.
The enhancement factor varies with the values of the Reynolds number, void fraction and contamination factor.
Common pollution indices, such as Contamination factor (Cf), degree of contamination (Cd), modified contamination degree (mCd), potential ecological risk index (RI) and metal pollution index (MPI), were used for assessing contamination status.
In addition, contamination factor (CF) and pollution indices (PLI and MPI) of Oreochromis niloticus were used to determine the degree of heavy metal pollution at the different sectors and indicated that the investigated area referred moderate contamination area.
Contamination factor was followed the class 1.
As shown in the figure, during summer, Cd and Pb pose strong to extreme contamination and moderate contamination, respectively.
