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Burullus Lake referred a moderate contamination area as the obtained data for CF in fish samples showed the range of 1.00 1.90.
In addition, contamination factor (CF) and pollution indices (PLI and MPI) of Oreochromis niloticus were used to determine the degree of heavy metal pollution at the different sectors and indicated that the investigated area referred moderate contamination area.
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The uneven decrease is most likely due to secondary transport from high-contamination areas to moderate-contamination areas.
Targeting the soils like andosol, soils with moderate contamination, or the contaminated soil storage areas, Cs transfer suppression test was performed between 2011 and 2014.
As shown in the figure, during summer, Cd and Pb pose strong to extreme contamination and moderate contamination, respectively.
Contamination factor (CF) referred that CF < 1 refers to low contamination, 1 ≥ CF < 3 means moderate contamination, 3 ≥ CF ≥ 6 indicates considerable contamination, and CF > 6 indicates very high contamination (Harikumar and Jisha 2010).
Cr and Zn cause moderate contamination, and Cu and Mn exhibit heavy pollution in the sediments.
Stations 1 and 2 show moderate contamination by Cd (II) 0.122 and 0.141 μg/L, irrespectively.
During winter, Cd indicates strong to extreme pollution; Zn causes unpolluted to moderate pollution, whereas Pb shows least to moderate contamination.
A degree of robustness is claimed under moderate contamination.
To study the reproductive capacity and the gene expression, C. elegans were exposed to the sediments of Danube (low contamination), Rhine (moderate contamination), or Elbe (high contamination).
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