We cover several varieties of open-population HDS models that accommodate population dynamics.
Historically, individual schools have had success with instructional models that accommodate multiple dimensions of student variability, but a scalable system never emerged.
Towards this end, spatial error and spatial lag models that accommodate for the influence of spatial and temporal interactions are estimated.
Primary obstacles to this end have been insufficient support of real-time learner data across platforms and a lack of maturity of recommendation models that accommodate the learning context and breadth and complexity of subject matter material in MOOCs.
The final major theme of this chapter is relatively newly developed spatial distance sampling models that accommodate explicit models describing the spatial distribution of individuals known as Point Process models.
Indeed, the models that accommodate uncertainty in their analysis report only one set of results to EMF (median or mean or something else); and the dispersion of their results across the full range of uncertainty that they can model generally straddle the EMF ranges.
Of particular interest in the philosophy of science may be learning-theoretic models that accommodate historicist and relativist conceptions of inquiry, chiefly by expanding the notion of an inductive method so that methods may actively select paradigms for inquiry; for more details on this topic, see [Kelly 2000, Kelly 1996, Ch.13].
As there is no Bayesian MCMC implementation of speciation models that accommodate extinction, we also performed the same analyses using a Proportional-to-distinguishable (PD) prior.
In meta-analyses, fixed effects may give more narrow confidence intervals and more impressively low p-values compared with models that accommodate potential diversity of effects (heterogeneity) [1], [2], [5], [16], [17].
Recently, several studies have proposed using GS models that accommodate G×E.
