In the case of single vertebral models, specimen-specific methods have been developed, which allow direct validation against experimental tests.
Model specimens were tested by pneumatic cycles with and without synchronized bending.
The tensile failure results of the model specimens were compared with AE results in terms of amplitude, energy and counts.
Pseudo-static tests were conducted on the model specimens to investigate their seismic performance, the yielding mechanism and the damage mode.
In particular, stress and strain fields in reactor pressure vessels of WWER-440 and WWER-1000 thick, thick plates and model specimens were determined.
Fabrication of artificial (physical) model specimens in laboratory can be used to overcome this difficulty and to study the mechanical behavior of bimrocks.
Copper solder copper double cantilever beam (DCB) model specimens were prepared using SAC305 solder at cooling rates and times above liquidus typical of actual ball grid arrays (BGAs).
In this study, the residual stress of model specimens with or without weld penetration and root gap were measured using the cutting method and magnetostriction method.
This work carries out pseudo-dynamic tests of circular steel bridge piers using about 1/8 scaled model specimens and discusses the effects of multi-directional seismic loading on the damages of them.
In case of fatigue tests of stud joints, where damage was located into the bonded area inside the specimen, temperature changes were considerably more sensitive than displacement and detailed temperature monitoring indicated weak areas in the full scale model specimens.
