Many mouse DS models show reduced hippocampal LTP (Box 1).
Some mice show increased synaptic density in specific brain regions, while most models show reduced synaptic density.
All FA mouse models show reduced fertility, and cells derived from all mutant mice are sensitive to ICL-inducing agents – the characteristic cellular phenotype of FA.
Although the TgPWS/TgAS mouse models show reduced expression of several other genes, including Siglec-H, Luzp2 and Chrna7, as compared to the human PWS and AS class I deletions, none of these additional genes are likely to contribute to the TgPWS and TgAS phenotypes.
Indeed, data from a UUO model showed reduced fibrosis in Mmp9−/− mice (Wang et al., 2010).
Moreover, a second short-lived hyper-p53 mouse model showed reduced IIS, at least in the mammary gland [ 18].
A Norwegian study using a linear regression model showed reduced length of stay with increased long-term care.
Consistently, the Drosophila CG disease model showed reduced activity and impaired movement coordination, which were fully rescued by transgenic expression of human GALT, demonstrating full functional conservation.
A CCR5-deficient mouse model showed reduced bacterial clearance and was protected against endotoxin-induced systemic inflammation and other enhanced immune reactions [ 3].
As the 3D human lung tissue model showed reduced inflammatory cytokine and increased differentiation marker expression both at levels of pro-SPC and Aquaporins (Fig. S2, Supporting information), it was determined to be a suitable model system for molecular analysis of surfactant regulation.
