According to the stress-diathesis model of suicidal behaviour, risk of suicide is not exclusively determined by a psychiatric illness (or an alternative stressor), but rather that individuals may have a predisposition or tendency towards suicidal ideation, which is aggravated further by one or more stressors [ 1].
Mann, J. J., Waternaux, C., Haas, G. L. & Malone, K. M. Toward a clinical model of suicidal behavior in psychiatric patients.
We propose a cognitive model of suicidal behavior that is grounded in the empirical literature on cognitive and behavioral correlates of and risk factors for suicidal behavior.
Even though generalisations are difficult to make based on the reviewed studies, due to difficulties with data access and the potential methodological limitations described above, the search terms 'suicide' and 'depression' seem to be leading candidates for a model of suicidal behaviour which incorporates online search data.
A greater understanding of clinical and biological risk factors will help us understand more fully this model of suicidal behaviour and inform new therapies and tailored interventions.
However, it has to be acknowledged that, regarding the whole model of suicidal behaviour, there are many additional influencing factors which could not be included in this analysis.
Factors significantly associated with depression symptom burden were: age, female gender, SES, recent life stressors such as life-threatening illness or death in the family, daily life stressors such as lack of food or traveling long distances to work, explanatory models of distress, endorsing current suicidal ideation, marital status, and education level.
For EHE above 40% of disposable income, the consecutive 2 years with EHE is statistically significantly correlated with a higher rate of suicidal ideation (model 2; OR=2.67, 95% CI 1.10 to 6.46) (see online supplementary table S1).
Mann and coworkers have proposed that, given the multifactorial nature of suicidal behavior, a model that would incorporate several, largely independent, predictors would have greater predictive power [ 13].
Specifically, a three-block model was tested to determine whether protective factors would negatively predict variance in participants' suicidal behavior (i.e., total SBQ-R score, comprised of lifetime suicidal ideation and/or behavior, suicidal ideation in the past year, threats of suicide attempt, and likelihood of suicidal behavior in the future).
