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Exact(5)
Thus, most papers published on this issue are based on statistical techniques such as multivariate data analysis [10] or mathematical models of dependence [11-13] [11-13]
Using rodent models of dependence, the current study examined the effects of two ghrelin receptor antagonists, [DLys3]-GHRP-6 (DLys) and JMV2959, on dependence-induced alcohol self-administration.
Robust model identification methods have been designed in CLINATEC®, and have already provided relevant models of dependence between neural activity and intended movement when applied on ECoG non-human primate (NHP) data.
Moreover, even when a causal chain appears to be well established mechanistically, feedback regulation at the molecular, cellular or organ system level can undermine simple models of dependence and independence.
Studies using animal models of dependence and withdrawal also have shown that various other stress-related neuropeptides and modulators within the brain's stress reward pathways may help drive and/or mediate excessive levels of alcohol drinking.
Similar(55)
The requirement for generalization has led to some papers on the modeling of dependence.
Using a familial aggregation design, we tested the hypothesized two-stage model of dependence on illicit substances and alcohol in a large, nationally representative sample.
The mouse model of dependence and relapse drinking described earlier has provided evidence for reduced HPA axis activation and compromised behavioral response to a stress challenge.
For example, one mouse model of dependence and relapse drinking has demonstrated that repeated cycles of chronic alcohol exposure delivered by inhalation result in an escalation of voluntary alcohol drinking (Becker and Lopez 2004; Lopez and Becker 2005).
Contemporary theoretical models of substance dependence posit that deficits in inhibitory control play an important role in substance dependence.
We estimate models of state dependence in overeducation by regressing overeducation in period t on overeducation in period t-1.
Related(20)
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