Adding a direct effect increases the log-likelihood (LL) of the model, indicating better fit of the data to the model.
It was found that the Langmuir mathematical model indicated better fit to the experimental data than the Freundlich.
On the basis of the lowest error values MPSD, Brouser Weron Sototlongo kinetic model indicates better fit with the experimental data as compared to the other models.
AIC (Akaike Information Criterion), a measure of goodness of fit of an estimated statistical model, was used to compare different models, with a lower AIC indicating better model fit.
Additionally, both the anchoring time and deviation of the hollow gravity anchor model are smaller than those of the solid anchor model during anchoring, indicating better practical and economic value of the hollow gravity anchors in engineering.
The BIC is a global measure that balances model fit against model parsimony, with lower BIC values indicating better model fit.
Selection of the final model was based on the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC; with lower values indicating better models).
ICC is larger in the domain models (0.50 to 0.81) compared to the item models (0.29 to 0.56) indicating better agreement between observed and predicted scores in the former.
The RMSEA analyses the discrepancy between the hypothesised model with optimally chosen parameter estimates and the population covariance matrix (Hooper et al. 2008).The RMSEA ranges from 0 to 1, with smaller values indicating better model fit.
AIC indicates the goodness of fit of the model with lower values indicating better fit.
