Sentence examples for models including rats from inspiring English sources

The prototypic synthetic iNKT cell antigen is a synthetic α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer) known as KRN7000, which contains a C18 phytosphingosine linked with a saturated C26 N-acyl chain, has been extensively studied as a model antigen for iNKT cells in humans, as well as mice and other animal models, including rats and nonhuman primates [6] [9].

Additional toxicologically relevant animal models, including rats and sheep should also be considered for this approach along with parallel approaches in human tissues.

Historically, small animal models including rats and rabbits and large animal models including dogs, sheep, goats and horses have been most commonly used for investigation of cartilage repair strategies.

Insight into the effect of alcohol on the developing brain (Valenzuela et al., 2012) has been assessed using animal models, including rats for neuroscience based studies and the C57BL/6J (B6) strain of mice for molecular-biology-based studies.

Effects of air pollution on pulmonary function are observed in various animal models, including rats, mice, and dogs (Henderson et al. 1988; Hiura et al. 1999; Nel et al. 2001; Saldiva et al. 1992).

In vitro studies have found that elevated ATP13A2 expression suppresses α-synuclein toxicity in multiple models, including rat midbrain primary dopamine neurons [ 2], implicating it as a potential target for PD therapeutics.

IPC and IPost reduce infarct size when studied in a wide variety of experimental models including rat, rabbit, dog, pig and primates by sharing similar mechanisms and exerting most of their cytoprotection at reperfusion [ 9, 12, 26, 37].

Whereas human models of the BBB employing immortalized cell lines have been developed [ 17- 19], in vitro systems mimicking the BCSFB are limited to animal models, including rat cell lines and primary porcine choroid plexus epithelial cells (PCPEC) [ 5, 20- 23] (an extensive recent review covering BCSFB in vitro models is provided by Strazielle and Ghersi-Egea [ 24]).

Useful models include rat and mouse models, particularly, the genetically engineered mice (GEM).

Consistent with these functions, E2 has been shown to prevent neointimal hyperplasia in response to endovascular injury in various animal models and species, including rats, pigs, and sheep, but this action has not been reported to date in a mouse model and our understanding of the underlying mechanisms are limited.

17β-estradiol (E2) prevents neointimal hyperplasia in response to endovascular injury in various animal models and species, including rats, pigs, and sheep.