24 We evaluated each aggregated time series model for confounding by seasonality.
To correct the model for confounding, changes in the estimates were checked when removing variables.
It should also be noted that the selection of covariates to be included in the statistical model for confounding adjustment requires careful considerations regarding cause and effect.
However, the use of a large nationally representative survey sample with a very high response rate (96.4%), appropriate statistical adjustments for survey design and modelling for confounding effects add strength to the validity of the findings.
The associations between animal-level factors and brucellosis seropositivity, adjusted in the multivariable model for confounding both by the other animal-level factors and by state and management system, are shown in Table 4.
By their nature these mixed models adjust for confounding by a dropout process.
We tested associations using mixed-effects regression models, adjusting for confounding variables.
Given that the results of models adjusting for confounding variables only, and confounding and mediating variables combined, were very similar, we only present the latter as 'multiple' adjustment.
This model corrected for confounding factors including therapeutic intervention.
A linear model allowing for confounding effects and the interaction between high or low LH scores supported these results.
