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As with the mixed models fit with lme4, the Bayesian models were run on transformed data, so the means and standard deviations are on the transformed scale.
To compare the models' fit with the different number of classes; a Vuong Lo Mendell Rubin (VLMR) (VLMR: Lo et al. 2001) test in addition to Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and sample-size-adjusted BIC (SSA-BIC) were used.
Presence-only species distribution models are commonly used in these evaluations, however they are rarely tested with independent data over time or compared with presence-absence models fit with the same presence data.
All GLM results shown in the "Results and discussion" section are for L2-regularized logistic regression models fit with the default settings for this R package and an L2-regularization cost parameter C equal to the ratio of negative to positive class labels.
To assess these features uncoupled, we evaluated the association of the biomarkers to OST and JSN in models fit with the risk factors noted above and with nOST and nJSN (Figure 2), i.e. joint faces were counted without regard to which joint they belonged to and we accounted for correlations among features.
Models fit with an additive relative rate specification generally fit less well than with the loglinear form.
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Some of the models are new; others are last year's models fitted with the newer software.
The MSN method gave slightly better results than models fitted with SUR.
The models fitted with random-parameters negative binomial models had the best performance in the process.
Generalized additive models fitted with cubic splines with appropriate estimating methods were used to describe rates and proportions over time.
Additionally, models fitted with traditional plus RBM analytes yielded mostly higher AUCs (traditional: 0.680 0.827; traditional+RBM: 0.754 0.868).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com