The article is organized around four main concepts: affordances, user models, feedback, and error handling.
The Virtual CNC (VCNC) has a modular architecture, allowing a real CNC to be prototyped quickly from standard library functions for feed drive models, feedback devices, axis control laws, and trajectory interpolation.
In supervised learning models, feedback fills the role of an external 'teacher', driving learning in a top-down manner [28].
According to prevailing models, feedback mechanisms amplify small differences in the expression levels of Notch receptor and ligand in neighboring cells, resulting in active Notch signaling in one cell and suppression of Notch signaling in the other.
Cost containment strategies focused on clinician education, cost awareness, use of computer models, feedback and other aspects have led to wastage reduction but were either not sustainable or incurred an ongoing cost.
By analyzing effects of promoter leakage on gene expression using the above-mentioned three gene models, we find that promoter leakage always reduces expression noise, regardless of models, feedback types and model parameters as well as whether or not the expression level is fixed.
