In animal models, accumulations of these cytokines have been observed in remote organs, including the heart, brain and lungs.
In an ischemia rat model, accumulation of zinc was observed specifically in degenerating neurons in the hippocampus, and intraventricular injection of Ca-EDTA could reduce zinc accumulation and prevent hippocampal neurodegeneration [11].
Under the stress model, accumulation of all three of these RNAs was predicted to be reduced by stress.
This is consistent with our multi-step model (accumulation of an intermediate), and we believe this provides evidence for a more complex operation of the D1R CTS.
In our HFD-induced mouse NAFLD model, accumulation of lipid in liver and marked increase in body weight are usually observed at 24 weeks, but slight at 12 weeks, after the start of HFD [ 28].
These findings agree with the observations by Sharma et al. [ 49], who found that, in the non-ischaemic cardiac HF model, accumulation of lipids was most pronounced when heart failure was associated with diabetes and obesity.
In this neuronal in vitro model, accumulation of both amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the 28-kDa active form of presenilin 1 (PS1) (endowed with α-secretase activity) is observed as early as 30 min after administration of neutralizing anti-NGF antibodies; the simultaneous addition of NGF to the cultures prevents such biochemical modifications.
Models with accumulation of intracellular Aβ have also been developed.
In a number of HD mouse models, nuclear accumulation of mutant huntingtin correlates with disease progression (22– 322.
PET imaging using Zr-trastuzumab has been performed in different murine tumor models and accumulation of the tracer was found to be HER2 specific [ 29, 30, 61].
