Different models of differentiation were designed according to addition of fetal bovine serum (FBS) or knockout™ serum replacement (KoSR) to the medium of three stages.
Here, we use CD4+ T cells as a model of differentiation, mapping the activity of cell-type-specific enhancer elements in T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells.
Notably, induction of mES cell differentiation led to dynamic changes in B-Myb RNA and protein expression, but the timing of change depended on the model of differentiation.
ES cells also exhibit the capacity to contribute to a wide range of well-defined cell types when using several in vitro models of differentiation.
In particular, the known transcriptional mechanisms during the initial steps of OPC differentiation suggest a general de-repression model of differentiation, whereby inhibitors are repressed upon the initiation of differentiation [11].
In addition, both models of differentiation could only be related to very simple demographic models and thus departure from the true demographic history might also affect the PPP-value distribution.
For instance, it was recently shown that such population relationships greatly increased the rate of false positives in tests of selection based on FST which use a null distribution generated under a simple island model of differentiation [31].
Recent data suggest a model of differentiation from naïve to antigen-specific memory T cells based on the lineage markers CCR7, which is a lymph node homing receptor and the RA isoform of CD45, which is a marker expressed on naïve lymphocytes, and is re-expressed at the fully mature stage of differentiation.
There are indeed models of differentiation which are able to describe some of them [3] [10] [11]; they make use of a continuum description and, in part because of computational limitations, are bound to take into account the contributions of only few genes.
PC12 cells have been extensively used as a model of differentiation.
