Sentence examples for modeling haplotype variation from inspiring English sources

There has been considerable interest in modeling haplotype variation within candidate genes.

During the workshop and subsequent consultations, we identified five main areas of special interest that are specific to, or especially relevant in, genetic association studies: genotyping errors, population stratification, modeling haplotype variation, HWE and replication.

In consequence, it is possible that modeling haplotype variation will become more focussed on rare causal variants, because these may not be included in the genotyping platforms.

Reporting of the methods used to infer individual haplotypes and population haplotype frequencies, along with their associated uncertainties should enhance our understanding of the possible effects of different methods of modeling haplotype variation on study results as well as enabling comparison and syntheses of results from different studies.

During the workshop and subsequent consultations, we identified five main areas of special interest that are specific to, or especially relevant in, genetic association studies: genotyping errors, population stratification, modelling haplotype variation, HWE and replication.

Our method relies on a hidden Markov model developed previously to model LD and haplotype variation (Guan 2014), from which we can infer ancestral haplotypes and their loadings at each marker for each individual.

A smaller number of candidate genes with high relevance to the novel phenotype of ISO12 was identified by assessing functional annotation enrichment and haplotype variation (homo-/heterozygosity; cf. annotations in Additional files 2 and 3), as well as by modelling of the non-synonymous to synonymous substitution ratio (Ka/Ks) and copy number variation (CNV).

Stephens, J. C. et al. Haplotype variation and linkage disequilibrium in 313 human genes.

Thus, Old World monkeys display a broad spectrum of KIR haplotype variation that has been generated upon an ancestral haplotype architecture by gene duplication, gene deletion, and non-homologous recombination.

Extensive chloroplast haplotype variation indicates Pleistocene hybridization and radiation of North American Arabis drummondii, A. x divaricarpa, and A. holboellii (Brassicaceae).

Table 2 summarizes the Y-chromosomal species variation and haplotype variation.