Fumarase deficiency was modelled by constraining the fumarase reaction (R01082MM) to various percentages of its flux under normal conditions.
For instance, both a gene knockout and the regulatory suppression of a gene product are modelled by constraining the flux through all reactions catalysed by the gene product to zero [ 18].
The disorder of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase deficiency was modelled by constraining the reaction flux of the initial oxidation reaction of 2-oxoglutarate (R01700MM) to 33% of its level under normal conditions to represent reduced enzyme activity.
Stochastic control was applied in property modelling by constraining the modelled properties with well body volumes and inversion products (porosity and permeability maps).
One may eliminate these models by constraining the number of atoms that water may contain: Water subclassOf ( hasAtom exactly 3 owl : Thing ) (6).
Although our results discourage from using the popular extrapolations, one may combine the more accurate adjusted estimate of life expectancy e a with the extrapolation model by constraining the parameters of the latter to fit the life expectancy estimate (Ediev 2017).
Environmental conditions are applied to the model by constraining the exchange fluxes of extracellular metabolites.
We constructed different disease transmission models by constraining τg: general model (0⩽ τAA, τAB, τBB⩽1), Mendelian model (0⩽ τAB=0.5τBB=0.5, τBB=0) and sporadic model (τAA= τAB= τBB).
This technique prevents the tendency to overfit a model by constraining the effect that the variables will have in the model.
Here, we only present the estimations using the simplistic model by constraining the rates of gains and losses to be the same.
