In the 6-story building model LS4 with stiff lateral stiffness, the story shear, displacement, and inter-story drift calculated from the ESL method closely match the average response calculated from the time history method.
The behavior is different from the case where the bonds are modeled with stiff breakable bonds in which case we see strain hardening as bonds deform and break.
In the model, these calcified zones were modeled with stiff shell elements at the aortic-facing surface of the valve, the predominant site of clinical disease [27].
A recent study modeling human walking found that a pendulum model with completely stiff limbs that produced reasonable predictions of percent recovery did a poor job of predicting the force profile of actual human walking and that incorporating spring elements due to limb compression (flexion) produced a much closer match with empirical data [10].
But connection model FE8 with stiffer bolts (f y,b = 830 MPa and f u,b = 1035 MPa) exhibits a little increased prying force than the connection model A2m with weaker ones (f y,b = 635 MPa and f u,b = 830 MPa) at the ultimate state.
In the context of a digital waveguide string model, dispersion associated with stiff strings can be supplied by an allpass filter in the basic feedback loop.
We develop simple models to compare running with stiff versus compliant legs, based on the well-recognized mass spring model for running (e.g. McMahon & Cheng 1990; Farley et al. 1993).
The remodeling behaviors of a two-dimensional simplified model of cementless hip prosthesis with stiff stem, flexible 'iso-elastic' stem, one-dimensional Functionally Graded Material (FGM) stem and two-dimensional FGM stem for the period of four years after prosthesis replacement were quantified by incorporating the bone remodeling algorithm with finite element analysis.
The Rosenbrock solver embodies a universal approach for simulation that can deal with stiff problems and precisely solve models containing arbitrary SBML elements.
In Section 4, by adopting orthogonal spherical base functions, we establish the discrete model with sparse mass and stiff matrices which is very efficient for finding the numerical solutions of biharmonic eigenvalue equations on the spherical domain.
