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By applying an in vitro chondrogenesis model with genetically modified hBMSC, it was subsequently shown that genetic upregulation of DIO2 expression resulted in a marked reduction of the capacity of chondrocytes to deposit ECM components, concurrent with induction of OA-specific markers of cartilage matrix degeneration (ADAMTS5 and MMP13) and mineralisation (ALPL) (figure 3).
In 2004, an in vivo model with genetically modified skin-humanized mice was proposed.
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In the future, the pneumonectomy mouse model combined with genetically modified mouse lines, lineage tracing approaches, and single-cell transcriptomic analyses will be powerful tools to shed new lights on the regenerative aspects associated with de novo alveologenesis.
Data obtained from various screens on different cancer models (including studies with genetically modified mice) has been compiled into the Retroviral Tagged Cancer Gene Database (RTCGD, http://rtcgd.ncifcrf.gov) [19] which also provides annotations for the UCSC genome browser [20].
However, a similar study with genetically modified mouse models of PDA needs to be pursued in order to exclude the possibility, that the observed effects are mouse model specific.
Reduced 11β-HSD2 function may result in sodium retention, hypokalemia and hypertension.[ 19– 21] The correlation between 11β-HSD1 activity, obesity and diabetes has also been validated with genetically modified rodent models.
Studies show that 11β-HSD1 expressisn is elevated in adipose tissue of obese subjects suggesting the possibility of tissue-specific local glucocorticoid excess.[ 22, 23] The correlation between 11β-HSD1 activity, obesity and diabetes has also been validated with genetically modified rodent models.
So, for example, a cookie made with genetically modified corn oil would carry a label that states: "This product contains a genetically modified organism".
Experimenting with genetically modified rodents.
That has happened to some extent with genetically modified crops.
It was also an early experimenter with genetically modified seeds.
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