"They are switching from one provider-led model to another provider-led model.
The evolution from one growth model to another is also continuous.
But no economy, let alone one the size of China's, moves in lockstep from one growth model to another.
"Developing a new attitude, moving the culture from one mental model to another, that's the difficult part.
It was quite dark there, but we could make out rows and rows of sets and see customers being herded from one model to another by spirited salesmen.
Bose's insight was that acoustical problems might vary from one car model to another, but that they could be precisely known and largely counteracted for any given car.
"It literally comes down to mathematics," says Peter Gleckler, a research scientist with the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison at Livermore National Laboratory, and the basic equations are identical from one model to another.
The second challenge is to make the transition from one growth model to another — from expansion fed by the country's resources, and by heavy investment in industry and the recruitment of hundreds of millions of workers from rural areas, to growth that relies more on innovation, increased productivity, and consumer spending.
In another direction, there are "two-cardinal" problems that arise from the possibilities of changing, from one model to another, not only the cardinality of the domain of the first model but also the cardinality of some chosen property (such as being a prime number).
But how the transition from one business model to another will affect profitability and which firms will benefit from it the most is still very unclear.The fastest way to grow profits at Warner Music once costs have been pruned substantially is to merge with EMI, a music company which is listed in Britain.
Automation not only gives flexibility to production but also can cut down costly lead times confronted when changing from one production model to another, and it can control inventories to provide a continuous flow of materials without expensive storage requirements or investment in spare parts.
