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Following the 19th century model, the standard contract for these companies is known as affermage, in which the ownership of the water assets is in municipal hands but their management, operation and maintenance is contracted out.The two companies dominate not only France but the water industry worldwide.
The proportional hazard estimation method used is a Cox model, the standard for duration analysis.
Based on these five subsets per model, the standard deviation per model is calculated.
In each model, the standard errors are corrected for heteroskedasticity and are clustered at the school-grade-year level.
These differences were statistically significant and unlike for the metrics derived from the echo-based model, the standard deviation was smaller than the mean.
(7) For the standard k-ε turbulence model: The standard k-ε turbulence model described by Launder and Spalding in 1974 was used for the present study.
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1958 Porsche 356 Carrera Cabriolet Porsche fans consider this model the standard-bearer of that company's lofty design reputation.
This paper is structured as follows: Section 2.1 introduces the considered system model, the standard-compliant CSI allocation strategies and the resource allocation mechanisms used throughout this work.
Here, we take the multivariate random effects model as the standard model.
Hence, the full model generalizes the standard model by encoding LD via P(f i | f i −1).
Across all 58 models, the standard error was 8 points of vote margin or 4.6 points of incumbent vote share.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com