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Note that the result holds for any transition probability matrix, and hence the steady-state distribution of the MC is used to model the fast fading.
In the frame of this model, the fast motion of auroral structures is a manifestation of the propagation of the magnetospheric wave, rather than the flow of magnetospheric plasma.
This may be related to the fact that in this model the fast magneto-sonic speed is higher and the corresponding jet Mach number is lower, at the inlet (Msimeq3) compared to (Msimeq10) in model A. The lower Mach number is also responsible for the observed lower wavelength of the jet oscillations as it takes less time for the waves to traverse the jet.
To model the fast superthermal electrons and positrons, we adopt three-dimensional generalized Lorentzian or kappa distribution function [25, 26, 27] f κ ( v ) = n e, p 0 ( π κ θ 2 ) 3 / 2 Γ ( κ + 1 ) Γ ( κ - 1 / 2 ) 1 + v 2 + 2 q i, e ϕ m e, p κ θ 2 - 1 - κ, (5 where θ2 = 2Te,p(κ − 3/2)/κme,p is the effective thermal speed, Γ is the gamma function, and κ is a spectral index.
In this phase of the full model the "fast" variables have not equilibrated to their QSS.
As already reported in [ 13] the linear interpolation used to create synthetic images for the second registration step is hardly able to model the fast intensity change at the beginning of the series.
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In this model, the faster cells envelope the slower cells forming islands as segregation proceeds.
As around her Silicon Valley exploded, as the rest of us chased the newest computer model, the fastest chip, the smallest cell phone and the most efficient ISP, Charlotte eschewed almost all that the modern world offered her.
It has been developed and verified by using a series of benchmarking cases such as the fusion reactor ITER model and the fast reactor BN-600 model.
Detailed simulation models of the fast DC breakers and a five terminal VSC-MTDC were constructed in PSCAD/EMTDC.
The main advantage of the discrete model is the fast execution times when compared to those of the microscopic model.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com