We therefore created an experimental osteoarthritis model that induces instability to the knee joints in 8-week-old wild-type mice [17], [21], and found that C/EBPβ was localized at the frontline of cartilage degradation in the central and peripheral areas of the joint cartilage during osteoarthritis progression (Figure 6A).
Cholangiopancreatic duct infusion with taurocholate is a well-established SAP rat model that induces multiple organ failure involving the lung, kidney, liver, intestine, and brain [ 15].
To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first attempt to report an in vitro model that induces physiological disc degeneration and allows the investigation of early disc degeneration without annulus disruption.
However, we aimed for a model that induces rapid and profound changes, such as those that are seen in bloodstream infections, thus allowing us to address the effects of early interventions (i.e. fluid infusion) in the absence of other confounding factors.
In the Gulf of Aqaba region, orientation of these lineaments with respect to the Pleistocene stress field develops strike-slip simple and dip-slip pure extensional shear models that induced rifting of the Gulf of Aqaba – Dead Sea fault system.
As shown in Table 1, we focus on the heterostructure models that induce a strain of less than 3%.
Regardless of which hypothesis is correct, models that induce a hypoxic response in the placenta seem to best recapitulate multiple aspects of preeclampsia, and could be useful to test potential treatments for the disorder.
A barrier in our understanding of testosterone action during cancer cachexia has been directly associated with tumor implant models that induce create a rapid and severe cachexia, but do not allow for the physiological examination of the hypogonadal state (Murphy et al., 2012).
From these data, it appears that celecoxib prevents metastases in this model and also that induced by morphine.
Proteoglycan-induced arthritis (PGIA) is a novel autoimmune murine model that is induced by systemic immunization of BALB/c mice with cartilage proteoglycans [ 12, 13].
