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The hBD-2 production) in a reconstructed skin model stimulated with proinflammatory cytokines was used estimate the concentration in the epidermal compartment in vitro, as an approximation of the concentration in psoriatic epidermis.
The highest non-cytotoxic concentrations of auraptene and lacinartin that can be used to evaluate their effect on the inflammatory response of a human macrophage model stimulated with LPS were 25 and 50 μg/ml, respectively (data not shown).
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These data strongly suggest that the biology after acute injury reflects that seen in cartilage explant models stimulated with pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are characterized by an initial wave of proteoglycan loss followed by subsequent collagen loss.
Fig. 1D shows example output of the neuron model, when stimulated with a constant positive and negative current injection.
The model is stimulated with external pulse stimuli and can generate nonlinear integrate-and-fire and resonant responses typical for excitable neuronal cells (all-or-none).
In addition, when purified T cells from the lymph nodes of the Ni allergy model were stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb, production of Th1-type cytokines, including IL-2 and IFN- γ, was significantly increased compared with that in controls (Figure S4).
The dynamic rod FE models were stimulated with an Awesome Rod system consisting of conical titanium alloy screws and novel titanium rods, which were consisted of rigid part (diameter 5.5 mm) and joint part (diameter 6.0 mm with double curve cuts on the surface), as shown in Figure 1(B).
In the present study, we employed an in vitro model of endothelial cells stimulated with high glucose and multiple in vivo models of diabetes to investigate the role of calpain in ROS generation and endothelial dysfunction.
Moreover, regression of liver fibrosis in these model systems can be stimulated with drugs that target the activities of fibrogenic hepatic stellate cells.
The anti-inflammatory role of brominated noscapines was also confirmed in a sterile inflammation model mimicked by macrophages stimulated with recombinant cytokines and chemokines instead of TLR ligands.
In a laboratory model with cultured macrophages stimulated with endotoxin, high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) was identified as a potential 'late-onset' pro-inflammatory cytokine [ 10].
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