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Currently, algae are the most important non-vascular model plants that are used for research.c Because of their diverse applications, numerous studies have investigated the functional genomics of algae.
Therefore sequencing RNA using NGS from a specific period of plant development or treatment provides the information necessary for de novo assembly of the transcriptome; generating a reference transcriptome sequence for non model plants that can provide the basis for finding genes associated with particular important functions [ 67– 67].
The evolutionary conservation of these cis-acting elements in the analysed monocot and dicot model plants, that exhibit considerable differences in their species specific genome structure in terms of the GC content, affirms that they might be part of a common regulatory mechanism in auxin-responsive transcription.
In model plants that import and metabolize sucrose alone, extracellular invertase plays a pivotal role in sugar partitioning by facilitating apoplastic phloem unloading.
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Arabidopsis, or thale cress, is a model plant that is often studied by plant biologists because it is small and grows quickly.
Brachypodium distachyon is emerging as a widely recognized model plant that has very close relations with several economically important Poaceae species.
All of the known AsA-related genes are fully characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana (see references in supplementary table S1, Supplementary Material online), a model plant that has provided valuable insights into angiosperm genome structure, function, and evolution.
Lastly, N. benthamiana is an important model plant that is more amenable to biochemistry-based approaches and facile manipulation of gene expression such as virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS).
Non-model plants that have been recently sequenced include Daucus Cicer arietinum L.[ 14], Carota var.
Algae are important non-model plants that have many research applications, including higher species diversity, sources of biofuel, adsorption of heavy metals and, following processing, health supplements.
New sequencing technologies such as 454 pyrosequencing, and advances in LC-MS/MS-based proteomics and bioinformatics, will expand the application of genomics methodologies to a vast array of non-model plants that produce interesting and valuable metabolites.
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