In [19], the Multifactorial Evolutionary Algorithm (MFEA) was developed as a computational analog of the bio-cultural models of multifactorial inheritance [8, 9, 25].
In the bio-cultural models of multifactorial inheritance, vertical cultural transmission is viewed as a mode of inheritance that operates in tandem with genetics and leads to the phenotype of an offspring being directly influenced by the phenotype of its parents.
This, of course, is just what would be predicted by a model of complex multifactorial etiology, but it emphasizes that we are not finding genetic variants that are necessary and sufficient for causing dyslexia.
Whereas early stages of these diseases cannot be studied in humans, existing animal models of complex multifactorial diseases (such as cataract and AMD) are not sufficient because of the complexity of their genetic background and/or deleterious effects of environmental factors [ 7, 24, 36].
Analysis of time delay of SA repetition will be performed using conventional methods of survival analysis: Kaplan-Meyer method, log-rank test and Cox model for multifactorial models.
Although the bio-psycho-social model is limited to aggression and tends to operate in the direction whereby substance abuse along with other factors leads to violence, this model aligns with central concepts in the criminological literature indicating the value of multifactorial models in explaining drug use and crime (Andrews & Bonta, 2010; Catalano & Hawkins, 1996).
Here we deduce two criteria that a nuclear susceptibility gene for SZ should fulfill for the persistence of the disease under general assumptions of multifactorial threshold model, and present their implications for genetic association studies and genetic models for SZ using the epidemiological data in a large-sampled Finish cohort study.
Inspired by causal concepts in the disease literature, Meeuwisse (1994a) created his new multifactorial model of athletic injury aetiology.
We then incorporated these findings into a multifactorial model of microvascular pathophysiology based on current evidence.
In general, our data are well in line with the multifactorial model of fears and phobias (Muris and Merckelbach 2001).
