Object-oriented programming provides some unique advantages for modeling population genetic processes, including the use of abstraction and implementation, as well as the ability to accommodate complex, heterogeneous behavior.
Computer modeling of genetic processes may be considered as an advanced branch of cellular automata, named by Wolfram (2002) as "A new kind of science".
Models of genetic processes in small populations (Nei et al. 1975; Allendorf 1986; Estoup and Guillemaud 2010) and of speciation (e.g., Mayr 1942; Carson 1968) have analyzed the consequences of introductions for subsequent evolutionary trajectories.
However, despite the wide use of rhesus macaques in research, this species is under-utilized as a model organism for investigation of genetic processes influencing human biology and human disease.
Here, we used stochastic processes to model genetic drift and to derive explicit expressions that provide an alternative to simulations.
The human commensal dipteran Drosophila melanogaster has long played a central role as an experimental genetic model system, as well as a preeminent model for understanding evolutionary and population genetic processes.
Indeed, this is a decisive aspect, which stems from the theory by which culture, namely the set of meanings with which human beings interpret their experience and guide their actions (Geertz 1973), plays a role closely correlated to that of genetic processes in modelling evolution and, accordingly, the differences between human groups (Richerson and Boyd 2005 Laland et al. 2010).
However, the standard DNA barcoding protocols used to infer putative species are based on single loci and do not test species limits with models tracking speciation and population genetic processes e.g., [ 20].
Regulatory Constraints on Genetic Processes.
(2) Genetic processes and controlling factors.
