Taken together, these finding suggest a model for mate recognition in the B. plicatilis species complex: A relatively simple set of extracellular globular coiled proteins encoded by mmr-b genes expose a variety of phosphorylated and glycosylated residues that serve as ligands to a receptor on the surface of males used to trigger copulation.
The good-sperm hypothesis, an analogue of the pre-copulatory good-genes model for mate choice, also suggests that females will accrue genetic quality for their offspring through facilitation of sperm competition, in this case if males with higher sperm competitive ability sire offspring with higher viability [ 8, 9].
A cassette model for mating-type switching has been proposed and further experimentally verified to explain haplo-selfing in S. cerevisiae (Hicks et al. 1977; Herskowitz 1988; Herskowitz et al. 1992).
The fitted models for mating success (Second set of models: model 6 to 13, Table 1) included the effects of body size, dominance rank, F0min, and Dfmin.
Teleost fish have also been used frequently as models for mate-choice experiments [ 5], and visual cues have often been shown to play an important (but not exclusive) role in mate attraction (for example, body colors, fin shapes, courtship displays, and so on).
Planktonic (shaking) and SL-biofilm cells were visualized through microscopy in parallel prior to plating to determine whether the cellular morphology was consistent with known models for mating, i.e., that it requires cell-to-cell contact and involves the formation of cytosolic bridges and/or cellular fusion events [ 58].
This finding supports the current model for fungal mating-type evolution which links the appearance of the α1 box to a pre-existing HMG box.
If we compare the results from the full model and null model for assortative mating we see that fitness levels attained in the full model are higher, with smaller and decreasing fitness differences between hybrids and non-hybrids, with lower species heterogeneity, higher species cohesion and more distinct, more homogeneous phenotypic clusters.
Associated phenomena, namely self-sacrifice and genital damage to the male, are best studied in spiders which are ideal model organisms for mating system research [ 7].
We propose a computational model of mating strategies for controlled animal breeding programs.
Then, we proceed with the details of the method starting with a model for a random mating situation followed by an extension of this model to a situation of crossbreeding.
