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We first simulate the afterslip assuming a model fault with a constant positive value of A − B without a patch having a negative value of A − B.
Fig. 4 a Afterslip estimated by Fukuda et al. (2013), displacement of the virtual loading point in the simulation, and simulated afterslip for the homogeneous model fault with A = 3.3 MPa, A − B = 0.222 MPa, L = 0.0049 m, and c = 2.0 for the Nagata law.
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The largest slip on it is over 5 m around the center of the model fault (130.9° in longitude) with a significant normal slip component.
The model fault consists of flat subfaults with a length of 10 km both in the strike and dip directions and the slip amount within each subfault is uniform.
Saito et al. (2010) have suggested that a different fault model, a reverse fault with the P-axis trending NE-SW, for the mainshock better explains the dispersion of tsunami waves than the F-net CMT solution, but this fault model does not match the inferred faults of the cluster A′ and C aftershocks, either.
An NHPP software reliability model with fault-dependent detection, imperfect fault removal and the maximum number of faults can be formulated as follows: begin{aligned} frac{{mathrm {d}}m(t)}{{mathrm {d}}t}=b( t m( t)left[ {1-frac{m( t)}{L}} right] -c(t m(t).
The estimated data vector (varvec{G} varvec{theta })) was calculated by a forward model with fault parameter (varvec{theta }) under an elastic half-space medium.
Fig. 4 Ellipses for the MT phase tensor, quasi-electric phase tensor, and electric phase tensor at T=30 s for the model with fault.
The correctness of the examinated methods is tested by applying them to very simple systems modeled by fault tree models, with intent to show why these methods are debatable and how they can be replaced by other ones, more appropriate.
A simple dislocation model of vertical dextral fault with a shallow locking and a deep creeping of ~5 mm/year reproduces the observed velocity pattern across the SSZ.
Then, the latest static displacements will be extracted and repeatedly modeled by a single rectangular fault with an a priori model and slip distribution along an assumed plate boundary.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com