Sentence examples for model evolution using from inspiring English sources

We model evolution using the stable generalization of Brownian motion, the stable random walk [ 17].

> -wrap-foot> microsatellitesatevolutionolusing usimpleimple binary birth death models allowed us to measure microsatellite conservation without modeling the complex mutational mechanisms prevalent at these loci.

We then determined the most likely model of evolution using the likelihood ratio test for the pairs M0 M1a, M0 M2a, M1a M2a, M0 M7, M0 M8 and M7 M8.

Ten thousand sequences were generated with SeqGen version 1.3.2 [40] under the JC69 model of evolution using the Silene latifolia sequence as ancestral and a branch length of 0.25.

For each locus, we selected a model of evolution using the software PHYML [ 38] and its R interface provided by ape [ 18, 19].

The nucleotide alignments were then evaluated for the best-fit model of evolution using jModelTest2 (http://code.google.com/p/jmodeltest2) (Darriba et al. 2012; Guindon and Gascuel 2003).

With the amino acid alignments of H3 and COI we additionally tested for the best fitting amino acid model of evolution using ProtTest version 2.4 [ 41].

We assumed a Markovian model of evolution using the updated PAM matrices [ 18] and introduced gaps of Zipfian distributed length [ 19].

To evaluate the impact of constraint on tests for positive selection, we simulated sequences using a branch-site model of evolution using Evolver from the PAML package (Yang 2007).

As for the NJ and Bayesian trees,we deduced the appropriate models of evolution using FindModel web server (http://www.hiv.lanl.gov/content/sequence/findmodel/findmodel.html) and then constructed them in Mega and MRBAYES.

We first compared two models of evolution using a likelihood ratio test (LRT) [ 24].