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These model evidence values are then compared to a null model to determine the log model evidence.
Bayesian model evidence values clearly favour the true model when data is generated from the RC motif (second row in table 2).
The dashed black line indicates the threshold at which log model evidence values are considered to be strong (see 'Materials and methods').
The log model evidence values for response patterns within the RSC (blue), posterior POS (red), hippocampus (HC; green) and parahippocampal cortex (PHC; purple) relating to knowledge of permanent landmark locations are shown in each of the four quarters of scanning.
Log model evidence values therefore represent the mutual information shared by the psychological variable (in this case knowledge of permanent landmark locations) and the pattern of voxel responses within that brain region.
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The patterns of voxel activity within each region of interest are then fitted to this target variable, producing a model evidence value.
We report all analyses with a log model evidence value above three as significant, as is common practise (Kass and Raftery, 1995; Penny et al., 2004; Friston et al., 2008).
Model fit is evaluated using the Laplace approximation to the model evidence for varying values of K (the number of Dirichlet components).
After fitting the model to the observed evidence values, the optimal threshold is determined by minimizing the risk for false predictions.
The Bayesian model class selection approach imposes a penalisation against overly complex model candidates and admits a selection of the most plausible HST-model according to the maximum value of model evidence provided by the data or relative plausibility within a set of model class candidates.
For each replicate sample and particular homology search tool, the evidence values were modeled by probability distributions as described in Section "Quality filtering using automatic threshold estimation".
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com